Hoskinson Explains Why Cardano Isn’t as Fast as Solana
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Cardano founder Charles Hoskinson has explained why the network has not prioritized matching Solana’s transaction speed. For context, Solana ranks among the fastest blockchains globally.
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Cardano founder Charles Hoskinson has explained why the network has not prioritized matching Solana’s transaction speed. For context, Solana ranks among the fastest blockchains globally.
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Ripple Chairman Chris Larsen suggested years back that XRP could work alongside SWIFT, but how would this development impact the price of the token? For context, in July 2015, Chris Larsen, Ripple co-founder and then-CEO, shared the company's long-term vision for global payments during an interview with Global Finance Magazine.
Spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds recorded their largest single-day net outflows in nearly a month on Monday, underscoring growing investor caution as cryptocurrency prices extended a recent downturn and markets braced for key US economic data.
According to data from Farside Investors, spot Bitcoin ETFs posted net outflows of $357.7 million on Monday.
The withdrawal marked the biggest daily outflow since Nov. 20, when $903.1 million exited the funds.
Fidelity’s FBTC led the retreat, recording $230.1 million in net outflows.
Bitwise’s BITB followed with $44.3 million in withdrawals, while ETFs offered by Grayscale, Ark & 21Shares, and VanEck also reported net outflows during the session.
The selling pressure was not limited to Bitcoin-linked products.
Spot Ethereum ETFs recorded net outflows of $224.8 million on Monday, their largest single-day withdrawal since Nov. 20, highlighting broad-based caution across major digital asset investment vehicles.
The pullback in both Bitcoin and Ether ETFs came as cryptocurrency prices weakened further, tracking a broader decline in global technology stocks and reflecting fading risk appetite for speculative assets.
In contrast to the outflows seen in Bitcoin and Ether funds, US spot XRP exchange-traded funds reached a notable milestone.
The products surpassed $1 billion in cumulative inflows on Monday, according to data from SoSoValue, marking a significant moment for altcoin-focused ETFs.
Spot XRP ETFs recorded $10.89 million in net inflows on the day, with funds from Canary, Grayscale, and Franklin Templeton reporting fresh investments.
The latest additions lifted cumulative inflows to $1 billion since the first spot XRP ETF began trading on Nov. 13.
Spot Solana ETFs also attracted new capital. The first two Solana ETFs, which launched in October, saw $35.2 million in net inflows on Monday, bringing cumulative inflows to $711.3 million.
Bitcoin prices fell again on Tuesday, extending recent losses as risk appetite remained fragile ahead of several closely watched US economic reports.
The world’s largest cryptocurrency dropped around 4% to $85,987.9, hovering near its weakest level in two weeks and remaining close to a seven-month low reached in late November.
Crypto markets largely tracked losses in global technology stocks, as concerns around artificial intelligence prompted investors to lock in recent profits.
The pullback in tech shares further dampened appetite for cryptocurrencies and other risk-heavy assets.
Bitcoin has steadily lost ground over the past week, finding little sustained support even after the Federal Reserve cut interest rates and struck a dovish tone on monetary policy.
Market participants remain focused on upcoming US data that could shape expectations for future policy moves.
November nonfarm payrolls data is due later on Tuesday, followed by consumer price index inflation figures on Thursday.
Labor market conditions and inflation remain the Federal Reserve’s two primary considerations when adjusting interest rates.
Any signs of weaker payroll growth or softer inflation could bolster expectations for lower rates, a scenario that may help Bitcoin recover some lost ground, given that declining borrowing costs tend to support speculative assets.
The post Bitcoin, Ether ETFs see sharp outflows as crypto prices extend decline appeared first on CoinJournal.


Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) form the backbone of economies worldwide, driving innovation, employment, and economic growth. Despite their vital role, SMEs often face significant challenges in accessing capital, particularly from traditional financial institutions that impose stringent requirements or favor larger corporations. In this context, asset tokenization the process of converting real-world or financial assets into digital tokens on a blockchain has emerged as a transformative mechanism to unlock new sources of funding. By enabling fractional ownership, improving liquidity, and expanding investor access, asset tokenization offers SMEs an innovative way to raise capital globally. This article explores the mechanics, benefits, challenges, and best practices of leveraging asset tokenization for SME financing.
Asset tokenization is the representation of ownership rights of an underlying real-world or financial asset in the form of digital tokens on a blockchain. These tokens can represent physical assets like real estate, machinery, inventory, or intangible assets such as intellectual property, receivables, or future revenue streams.
Key Features of Tokenized Assets
By digitizing assets, SMEs can leverage their existing resources to attract capital without relying solely on loans or equity dilution.
SMEs can leverage a wide variety of assets for tokenization:
By strategically selecting the right asset for tokenization, SMEs can optimize both capital inflow and investor appeal.
Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) often face significant barriers when seeking capital for growth, operational expansion, or modernization. Traditional financing options, such as bank loans or venture capital, are often restrictive, expensive, and slow. Asset tokenization offers an innovative solution by converting tangible and intangible assets into tradable digital tokens using blockchain technology, creating new funding pathways, improving liquidity, and providing access to a global investor base.
Fractional Ownership and Investment Access
Asset tokenization allows SMEs to divide high-value assets into smaller, tradable units, enabling partial monetization without relinquishing full ownership. By issuing tokens representing fractional ownership, businesses can attract retail and institutional investors. For instance, a manufacturing SME could tokenize a production machine valued at $500,000, issuing 5,000 tokens priced at $100 each. Investors worldwide can purchase these tokens, providing liquidity to the SME while retaining partial ownership. Fractionalization lowers entry barriers for investors and diversifies funding sources, reducing dependency on a single investor or lender.
Enhanced Liquidity
Illiquid assets such as machinery, property, or long-term contracts often limit SME financing options. Tokenization converts these assets into digital tokens that can be traded on secondary markets, unlocking liquidity previously unavailable. Investors can buy and sell tokens independently of the SME, creating continuous capital flow and reducing reliance on one-off funding rounds. Improved liquidity allows SMEs to reinvest in research, operations, or strategic expansion while enhancing investor confidence and facilitating future fundraising.
Global Investor Reach
Traditional SME financing is typically constrained by geography, regulatory frameworks, and limited networks. Tokenization removes these boundaries, providing access to a global pool of investors seeking fractionalized, asset-backed opportunities. SMEs in emerging markets, in particular, benefit from international capital that bypasses local scarcity and currency restrictions. Blockchain-based tokenization enables cross-border investment while adhering to regulatory standards, allowing SMEs to secure competitive funding and diversify risk across multiple geographies.
Transparency and Trust
Blockchain technology ensures every transaction, token issuance, and ownership transfer is permanently recorded, enhancing transparency and reducing information asymmetry. Investors can monitor performance, token circulation, and dividend payouts in real-time, which builds confidence in their investment. For SMEs, this transparency strengthens credibility with investors, lenders, and regulators while improving corporate governance. A verifiable record of asset activity mitigates concerns about fraud or mismanagement, making tokenization a reliable tool for sustainable growth.
Cost-Effective Capital Raising
Raising capital through traditional methods often involves intermediaries such as lawyers, underwriters, and brokers, which increases costs and delays funding. Tokenization automates these functions via smart contracts, including dividend distribution, voting rights, and regulatory compliance, reducing administrative overhead. This efficiency enables SMEs to access working capital faster, allocate more funds to operations, and minimize errors. By streamlining fundraising and lowering costs, tokenization enhances financial agility and empowers SMEs to seize timely growth opportunities.
1. Identify Suitable Assets
Not all assets are ideal for tokenization. SMEs should identify high-value, illiquid, or revenue-generating assets that can be fractionalized and traded. Examples include commercial real estate, specialized machinery, intellectual property, or trade receivables. A thorough asset assessment helps in selecting candidates with strong investment appeal.
Develop a Tokenization Plan
A comprehensive tokenization plan should outline the type of token (equity, revenue-sharing, utility), tokenomics (supply, allocation, distribution), fundraising objectives, and investor rights. Strategic planning ensures alignment with business goals and investor expectations.
Ensure Legal and Regulatory Compliance
SMEs must engage legal advisors to structure compliant token offerings. This includes drafting smart contract terms, adhering to securities regulations, implementing KYC/AML protocols, and managing cross-border legal requirements. Compliance is essential for investor protection and regulatory approval.
Partner with Technology Providers
Implementing tokenization requires robust blockchain infrastructure. SMEs should collaborate with blockchain developers, tokenization platforms, and digital exchanges to ensure secure token issuance, smart contract execution, and investor onboarding.
Engage Investors and Build Market Confidence
Investor engagement is critical for successful capital raising. SMEs should leverage marketing strategies, investor education, and transparent reporting to build trust. Demonstrating asset value, revenue potential, and governance standards enhances investor confidence and market adoption.
Monitor and Manage Tokenized Assets
Post-issuance, SMEs must manage tokenized assets, facilitate trading, distribute returns, and maintain compliance. Ongoing monitoring ensures liquidity, investor satisfaction, and the long-term success of tokenized offerings.
Real Estate Tokenization
SMEs that own commercial or residential properties can tokenize these assets to raise capital without selling the entire property. Fractional ownership allows multiple investors to participate, generating a steady flow of funds while retaining operational control. Real estate tokenization is particularly relevant for SMEs in urban centers or industrial zones seeking expansion funding.
Equipment and Machinery Tokenization
Manufacturing SMEs often require expensive machinery for operations but may lack sufficient working capital. By tokenizing machinery or equipment, these enterprises can raise funds from investors interested in owning a stake in high-value assets. Tokenization also allows SMEs to structure innovative financing models, such as revenue-sharing agreements, which align investor interests with business performance.
Intellectual Property Tokenization
SMEs in technology, media, and biotech sectors possess valuable intellectual property (IP) assets, including patents, trademarks, and copyrights. Tokenizing IP can unlock capital by allowing investors to purchase fractional rights or revenue-sharing tokens linked to the IP’s commercial success. This approach not only provides funding but also incentivizes innovation by creating a market-driven valuation of intellectual property.
Invoice and Trade Finance Tokenization
SMEs involved in international trade often face cash flow constraints due to delayed payments. Tokenizing invoices and trade receivables enables SMEs to sell these assets on a secondary market, accelerating liquidity and reducing financing costs. Investors benefit from predictable returns, while SMEs gain immediate access to funds for operational and expansion needs.
Asset tokenization is equally advantageous for investors. Fractional ownership allows diversification across multiple SMEs and industries. Investors gain access to previously illiquid or geographically restricted opportunities, often with lower minimum investment thresholds. Real-time transparency, automated dividends, and smart contract enforcement enhance security and trust.
By connecting SMEs with a broad investor base, tokenization fosters a more inclusive investment ecosystem that benefits both capital seekers and providers.
The future of asset tokenization for SMEs is promising. Advances in blockchain infrastructure, regulatory frameworks, and tokenized asset marketplaces are accelerating adoption. Platforms dedicated to SME tokenization are emerging, facilitating compliance, investor onboarding, and secure trading of tokenized assets.
Furthermore, integration with decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols could allow SMEs to leverage tokenized assets as collateral for loans, enabling even more flexible and accessible financing options. As awareness grows and technology matures, asset tokenization has the potential to redefine SME financing on a global scale.
Despite its potential, SMEs must navigate several challenges:
By proactively addressing these challenges, SMEs can maximize the benefits of tokenization while mitigating associated risks.
Asset tokenization represents a revolutionary approach to SME financing, unlocking access to capital, liquidity, and global investor networks. By fractionalizing ownership and leveraging blockchain transparency, SMEs can overcome traditional barriers to funding, optimize asset utilization, and secure growth capital efficiently.
While challenges such as regulatory compliance, technical requirements, and market education exist, the potential for global impact is profound. Tokenization not only empowers SMEs to secure funding but also fosters a more inclusive, transparent, and efficient global financial ecosystem. As technology and regulations evolve, asset tokenization may well become a standard tool for SMEs seeking to unlock capital and expand their business horizons worldwide.
How Can Asset Tokenization Unlock Capital for Small and Medium Enterprises Globally? was originally published in Coinmonks on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.
Solstice Finance is a decentralized finance protocol built on the Solana blockchain, offering a native stablecoin called USX alongside…
The weekly chart for Dogecoin shows a signal that could be of greater significance due to its rarity. Crypto analyst Cryptollica pointed to DOGE’s weekly RSI tagging roughly 33.6 and claimed that level has shown up only four times in 11 years. “DOGE WEEKLY RSI. 4 times in 11 years ..,” he posted.
DOGE, for context, was trading around $0.129 at the time of writing, down roughly mid-single digits on the day. The hook is simple: a weekly RSI that low usually means sellers have been in control for a while — and on a weekly timeframe, that kind of pressure tends to carry more weight than intraday noise. This isn’t “RSI brushed 30 on a 15-minute candle.” It’s slower, heavier, and tied to the bigger trend.
Still, it’s not quite as plug-and-play as the screenshot makes it look. Cryptollica’s point is that the same zone showed up around (1) early May 2015, (2) March 2020, (3) mid-June 2022, and (4) now. The post is the spark; what traders actually care about is what happened next. And this is where Dogecoin’s history gets… very Dogecoin.
On May 6, 2015, DOGE was quoted around $0.000087. Beyond the price being basically dust, the backdrop was messy: weeks earlier, Dogecoin co-founder Jackson Palmer said he was stepping away from the crypto community, calling out what he described as a “toxic” culture.
The bounce didn’t show up on schedule. DOGE drifted for a long time, then later caught the 2017–18 mania, briefly touching $0.017 on Jan. 7, 2018. From roughly $0.000087, that’s about +19,000% to that local-cycle high — a good reminder that “oversold” on a weekly chart can show up early and still end up pointing the right way. In mid-March 2020 (peak COVID panic), DOGE traded around $0.001537. When the panic eased and liquidity returned to markets, DOGE went on to print its next cycle top at $0.7316 on May 8, 2021.
That’s roughly +47,000% from the March 2020 level to the 2021 high. It’s also the stretch where DOGE stopped being “just” a joke coin and started behaving like a retail risk-on barometer — with Musk-era attention pouring gasoline on it.
By mid-June 2022, the bear-market washout was in full effect. DOGE was around $0.053. The recovery came in waves: a late-2022 pop tied to Musk/Twitter speculation and broader risk-on bursts, then a bigger 2024 meme-led rip.
By March 28, 2024, DOGE was back around $0.220 — roughly +315% from the June 2022 level to the next notable local high. Not 2021-level insanity, but still a real multi-x.
And now, as of Tuesday, Dec. 16, 2025, Dogecoin was changing hands around $0.129. The “signal” crowd will look at that weekly RSI print and argue the market is back in the same psychological neighborhood as those prior exhaustion points.
The bullish case writes itself: if this weekly RSI zone has tended to show up near seller fatigue in the past, then seeing it again could mean risk/reward is quietly shifting. Not a promise — more like a reason to stop ignoring DOGE and start watching it.
But RSI isn’t a timing tool. Oversold can stay oversold. Weekly signals can hang around, whip traders around, or get flattened if broader risk keeps leaking.
For now, it’s a setup, not an outcome. If DOGE starts reclaiming levels and holding them, the “rare signal” crowd will take the victory lap. If it keeps bleeding, this gets filed under interesting, early, and painful — like a lot of trading ideas.
At press time, DOGE traded at $0.12878.

Crypto analyst Dark Defender has been one of the most vocal supporters of XRP, and this stance has not changed despite the altcoin’s current price action. If anything, the analyst believes that the current downtrend actually plays into the XRP long-term target, claiming that the cryptocurrency remains inherently bullish. If the analyst is right, then it means that the XRP price could be gearing up for another major uptrend that could send it to new peaks.
In the post that was shared on X, Dark Defender explained that the XRP cryptocurrency was not in any kind of bear market. Instead, the current downtrend is only a result of the altcoin entering Wave 4 of the Elliot Wave, leading to the decline.
Given that Wave 4 is a historically bearish wave, it would explain why the XRP price has dropped so quickly. However, the crypto analyst explained that this wave did not just start, as it has been in play since February 2025. Hence, it would need to play out completely before the next wave can begin.
Going by this analysis, it would mean that the last and final wave of the theory is yet to play out, which is often the most bullish of all the waves. As a result, the analyst urges XRP investors not to panic as the price continues to play out according to plan. In the end, the target remains $5.85, according to Dark Defender, beating its previous all-time high of $3.8.
Another analyst also contributes that the XRP price is not in a bear market, and could, in fact, be putting in a bottom. STEPH IS CRYPTO points out that the XRP RSI is actually showing a rare bullish divergence on the daily chart, one of the few times that this has happened over the years.
This is significant because back in 2022, a similar bullish divergence had appeared on the daily chart ,and the result was a rapid rise once the distribution was done. As the crypto analyst explains, the fact that this bullish RSI divergence has appeared on the XRP daily chart again suggests that the sellers are actually running out of steam.
While there is no set target for where the XRP price is headed, the prediction suggests that a rally could be in the works. “Nothing is guaranteed — but from a technical perspective, this is one of the strongest early reversal signals you can get,” the analyst stated.

The anticipated US crypto market structure bill, seen as a landmark piece of legislation following the GENIUS Act, is unlikely to pass this year as Senate Banking Committee Chair Tim Scott announced the postponement of a committee vote. Instead, discussions regarding the bill are expected to resume in early 2026.
In a statement released on Monday, a spokesperson for Chair Scott, a South Carolina Republican, noted that the Senate Banking Committee is actively negotiating with its Democratic counterparts in pursuit of a bipartisan approach to digital asset market legislation.
“Chairman Scott and the Senate Banking Committee have made strong progress,” said spokesperson Jeff Naft, emphasizing the ongoing efforts to create a robust regulatory framework that would provide clarity for the crypto industry and position the US as a leader in the digital asset space.
The delay comes at a time when the committee has produced multiple draft versions of the bill. However, with Congress preparing to return from its holiday break, the immediate focus will shift to funding the federal government, as the current funding bill is set to expire on January 30.
The negotiations had intensified over the past week, with Republicans from the Banking Committee collaborating with Senate Democrats to find a workable compromise.
Democrats have advocated for additional time in discussions, reflecting concerns about various issues, including financial stability, market integrity, and ethical considerations.
In particular, the ethics concerns have been linked to President Donald Trump and his family’s crypto-related business dealings, which have reportedly increased their wealth.
Despite the legislative stall, federal regulators are continuing to engage with the cryptocurrency sector. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has issued multiple staff statements and convened roundtable discussions to explore how existing securities laws apply within the crypto market.
In parallel, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) has begun allowing licensed institutions to engage in spot crypto trading and recently granted no-action relief to specific prediction market operators regarding data requirements.
Additionally, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is set to take significant steps towards implementing the country’s stablecoin bill, or most commonly known as the GENIUS Act.
The FDIC board is expected to review a proposed rule that will outline approval requirements for banks issuing payment stablecoins through their subsidiaries, opening the proposal for public commentary and discussion.
Travis Hill, the FDIC chair nominee, who may be confirmed by the Senate as soon as this week, highlighted that the FDIC is are already working on establishing prudential standards for stablecoin issuers under FDIC supervision. These standards would cover areas such as capital requirements, reserves, and risk management.
Featured image from DALL-E, chart from TradingView.com

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Monetary Authority of Singapore-licensed issuer StraitsX plans to expand its SGD- and USD-backed stablecoins to Solana, targeting AI-driven transactions.
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The amount of Bitcoin in long-term holder wallets hit cyclical lows, but is it enough to help the bulls avoid a decline toward $68,000?
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Gemini says its prediction markets are now live nationwide via affiliate Gemini Titan after it secured a CFTC Designated Contract Market license
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Solana fell in the previous day as traders watched a key reclaim level, with momentum still negative and support zones in focus. Notably, over the past 24 hours, Solana fell about 4.7% to $125.91, while trading within a daily range of $124.08 to $134.26.
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MetaMask has taken another major step toward becoming a truly multi-chain wallet with the launch of native Bitcoin support. The update enables users to interact directly with the Bitcoin network from within MetaMask, according to a company announcement released Monday.
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According to an expert analysis, Shiba Inu will continue its current sideways trend until it breaks above these key resistance areas. Specifically, market expert MMB Trader shared this outlook in a recent TradingView analysis, coinciding with a persistent market correction.
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U.S. banks are preparing for a gradual but lasting shift toward blockchain-based finance, according to Bank of America.


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A prominent member of the Shiba Inu engineering team has announced his departure from the project. In a recent post on X, Johndoeshib confirmed that he is stepping away from Shib.io as his tenure with the project has reached a “natural conclusion.” Before the announcement, John served as the engineering manager for the Shiba Inu ecosystem and played a key role in advancing its technical development.
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XRP is under renewed pressure, and long-term bulls are determined to capitalize on the buying opportunity. Notably, XRP is trading at $1.89, down more than 6% on the day, after losing the $2 psychological level.
Wyoming-chartered crypto bank Custodia has filed a petition with the full Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals, seeking reconsideration of the Federal Reserve’s denial of its master account application, escalating a five-year legal battle.
The bank argues that the October panel decision misinterpreted federal law and raises constitutional concerns about the Fed’s authority.
The petition, filed on December 15, requests en banc review, asking all active circuit judges to examine whether regional Federal Reserve Banks can exercise unreviewable discretion over master account access for legally eligible institutions.
Custodia contends the three-judge panel’s 2-1 ruling conflicts with the Monetary Control Act’s mandate that payment services “shall be available” to nonmember depository institutions, creating what it describes as an unconstitutional veto power over state banking charters.
— Eleanor Terrett (@EleanorTerrett) December 16, 2025
NEW: Wyoming crypto bank @custodiabank has filed a petition for rehearing en banc, meaning it’s asking the full Tenth Circuit (not just the original three-judge panel) to reconsider its October decision siding with the @federalreserve in denying Custodia a master account.
The… pic.twitter.com/RDfeorIKGc
The filing raises federalism concerns about the Fed effectively overriding Wyoming’s 2020 decision to charter Custodia as a Special Purpose Depository Institution.
Without master account access, the bank cannot utilize core Federal Reserve payment services, including wire transfers and automated clearinghouse systems, rendering its state-issued charter largely meaningless despite meeting all statutory eligibility requirements.
“When the Fed denies a master account to a state-chartered financial institution, it effectively vetoes a bank charter that State regulators have approved,” the petition states.
Wyoming created its SPDI framework specifically to attract digital asset companies, requiring 100% reserve backing and prohibiting lending to reduce risk.
Custodia argues the Fed’s rejection undermines this carefully crafted state regulatory regime designed to foster blockchain innovation within stringent safety parameters.
The constitutional implications extend beyond federalism.
Custodia’s legal team contends that if regional Reserve Bank presidents hold unreviewable discretion over master accounts, they effectively become “Officers of the United States” wielding significant executive authority without proper constitutional appointment.
Federal Reserve Bank presidents are selected by private bank directors and approved by the Board of Governors, a process Custodia argues violates the Appointments Clause if those officials exercise the discretionary power the majority opinion affirmed.
The petition highlights growing disagreement among Tenth Circuit judges on statutory interpretation.
Judge Timothy Tymkovich’s dissent joined Judge Bacharach’s 2017 opinion in Fourth Corner Credit Union v. Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, creating a 2-2 split among circuit judges on whether the Monetary Control Act mandates master account access.
Tymkovich wrote that the Fed’s interpretation grants “unreviewable discretion” that raises “thorny questions” under Article II while contradicting the MCA’s plain language, which requires services to be “available to nonmember depository institutions.“
The Kansas City Fed denied Custodia’s application in January 2023 after 27 months of review, citing risks from its “crypto-asset activities” despite initially telling the bank there were “no showstoppers” with its application.
— Cryptonews.com (@cryptonews) November 1, 2025
A federal appeals court in Denver has upheld the Federal Reserve’s right to deny crypto-focused bank @custodiabank access to a master account.#Crypto #Custodiahttps://t.co/MAHuPSXT5x
Internal Fed documents revealed that staff deemed Custodia’s capital “adequate” and praised its “impressive” executive team, only for Board of Governors officials to intervene.
Federal Reserve Governor Christopher Waller has since acknowledged publicly that the Fed possesses sufficient tools to manage risks without denying master accounts entirely.
In an October interview, Waller suggested the Fed can “tailor” account structures to match individual bank risk profiles, undermining the necessity argument for blanket denials.
Custodia’s legal fight unfolds as federal regulators confront widespread debanking practices targeting crypto firms.
The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency released findings in December showing all nine largest national banks imposed “inappropriate” restrictions on lawful businesses, including digital asset companies, between 2020 and 2023.
JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, Citibank, Wells Fargo, and others maintained internal policies requiring escalated approvals or imposing blanket restrictions on sectors deemed to conflict with institutional values.
The review examined thousands of complaints about political and religious debanking, as well as crypto exclusions.
— Cryptonews.com (@cryptonews) December 11, 2025
@USOCC reveals nine major banks, including @jpmorgan “debanked” crypto and other lawful industries with inappropriate restrictions #CryptoNews #Bankinghttps://t.co/hZYJOCY88v
Banks insisted they did not discriminate, but the OCC found many restrictive policies were publicly visible.
In fact, Strike CEO Jack Mallers recently claimed his accounts were abruptly closed under vague references to “concerning activity,” fueling allegations of coordinated exclusion despite regulatory denials.
The controversy intensified after President Trump signed an executive order in August intended to prevent banks from debanking customers solely for crypto-related activity.
The post Wyoming Crypto Bank Files Petition Demanding Full Court Review of Fed Account Denial appeared first on Cryptonews.

The Financial Stability Oversight Council has removed crypto from its list of systemic financial threats in its 2025 annual report. This is a dramatic regulatory shift attributable to the transformation happening under the Trump administration.
The 86-page document, approved December 11, eliminates the dire warnings about digital assets that dominated previous years, instead emphasizing responsible growth and regulatory clarity for the sector.
The FSOC’s latest assessment contrasts sharply with its 2024 report, which warned that stablecoins represented an acute vulnerability to runs absent appropriate risk-management standards.
This year’s report acknowledges crypto’s role in innovation and economic development, while noting that recent legislative progress has addressed many of the concerns that previously existed.
The council now describes digital assets as facilitating secure, efficient transactions through distributed ledger technology rather than framing them as destabilizing forces.

The transformation stems largely from the passage of the GENIUS Act in July, which established America’s first comprehensive federal framework for payment stablecoins.
The legislation requires licensed issuers to maintain reserves in highly liquid assets, such as U.S. Treasuries, and prohibits rehypothecation except for limited purposes.
Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent noted in the report that continued use of dollar-denominated stablecoins supports the dollar’s role in international finance.
Beyond stablecoins, federal agencies have systematically withdrawn restrictive guidance that previously discouraged banks from engaging with crypto firms.
The SEC eliminated prior-notification requirements for offering digital asset custody services, while banking regulators rescinded joint statements that effectively pushed crypto activity outside traditional finance.
The Federal Reserve ended its novel activities supervision program, returning oversight to normal supervisory processes.
The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency released preliminary findings showing all nine largest national banks imposed inappropriate restrictions on lawful crypto businesses between 2020 and 2023.
JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, Citibank, Wells Fargo, and others maintained internal policies requiring escalated approvals or blanket limitations on digital asset companies, alongside sectors such as firearms and adult entertainment.
Comptroller Jonathan Gould described the practices as “harmful to lawful enterprises” and an inappropriate use of national bank charters.
The findings build on President Trump’s August executive order guaranteeing fair banking access and state-level fair access laws in Florida, Idaho, and Tennessee, designed to prevent ideological account closures.
Last week, Senator Cynthia Lummis pushed for immediate Senate Banking Committee markup of the Responsible Financial Innovation Act before the holiday recess, warning negotiations cannot drift into February without risking election-year paralysis.
She told the Blockchain Association Policy Summit that bipartisan drafts have been rewritten repeatedly, exhausting staff members as lawmakers struggle to reconcile the House and Senate approaches to defining which tokens fall outside securities classification.
@SenLummis says she wants a markup on the crypto market structure bill next week even as staff are “exhausted” from nonstop revisions. #Crypto #USPolicy #Lummishttps://t.co/RadNIvnWLp
— Cryptonews.com (@cryptonews) December 9, 2025
The House passed the Digital Asset Market Clarity Act in July, giving the CFTC primary oversight of digital commodities while preserving SEC authority over fundraising.
The Senate version uses the term “ancillary assets” and faces tension over decentralized finance regulation.
Senator Thom Tillis warned that missing the December window could freeze the bill for the rest of 2026.
However, Senator Mark Warner also suggested completing everything before the holiday recess would be difficult, noting the White House still hadn’t provided final language on quorum and ethics rules.
JPMorgan Chase demonstrated the sector’s mainstreaming by launching its first tokenized money-market fund on the Ethereum network.
The My OnChain Net Yield Fund begins with $100 million of the bank’s capital before opening to qualified investors with minimum investments of $1 million.
The MONY fund accepts subscriptions in cash or USDC, demonstrating institutional adoption of crypto-native payment rails for settlement alongside traditional cash.
— Cryptonews.com (@cryptonews) December 15, 2025
JPMorgan is launching its first tokenized money-market fund on Ethereum, reports the WSJ. #JPMorgan #Ethereum https://t.co/bjjIFNFRnJ
The launch follows the GENIUS Act’s regulatory clarity, with Wall Street accelerating tokenization efforts across equities, bonds, and real-world assets.
John Donohue, JPMorgan’s global liquidity head, cited a “massive amount of interest from clients around tokenization” and the bank’s intention to lead the space with product lineups that match traditional money-market fund choices on the blockchain.
The integration of blockchain into core financial products, once considered distant from crypto, indicates the technology is progressing from experimental to infrastructure-grade status within traditional finance.
The post US Financial Watchdog No Longer Sees Crypto as Systemic Threat: Report appeared first on Cryptonews.
