Tropical cyclones almost never form over the Strait of Malacca. The narrow waterway separating Peninsular Malaysia from the Indonesian island of Sumatra sits so close to the equator that the Coriolis effect is usually too weak to allow storms to rotate enough to organize into cyclones. But on November 25, 2025, meteorologists watched as a tropical depression intensified into Cyclone Senyar—just the second documented case of a tropical cyclone forming in the strait.

Hemmed in by land on both sides, Senyar made landfall in Sumatra later that day as it made a U-turn and headed east toward Malaysia. As the slow-moving storm passed over Sumatra’s mountainous terrain, it dropped nearly 400 millimeters (16 inches) of rain in many areas, according to satellite-based estimates from NASA’s Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission. (Due to the averaging of the satellite data, local rainfall amounts may differ when measured from the ground.)

The torrent caused extensive flash floods and landslides in Sumatra’s rugged terrain. Streams and rivers rapidly overflowed with sediment-laden, debris-filled waters that swept through villages, cities, and towns. News reports suggest that the damage was worsened by an earthquake that struck on November 27 and the abundance of loose piles of timber in the region that became destructive battering rams in high water. As of December 4, Indonesian authorities reported several hundred deaths and more than 700,000 displaced people.

The OLI-2 (Operational Land Imager-2) on Landsat 9 captured this image of flooding in Aceh and North Sumatra provinces on November 30, 2025. Muddy sediment-filled water appears to have swamped much of Lhoksukon, a town of 40,000 people, and several surrounding villages. 

Other tropical cyclones and monsoon rains hitting Sri Lanka, Thailand, Malaysia, and Vietnam at roughly the same time have also caused extensive destruction in the broader region. According to one estimate from the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, flooding has affected more than 10.8 million people in the region and displaced more than 1.2 million.

NASA Earth Observatory image by Lauren Dauphin, using Landsat data from the U.S. Geological Survey. Story by Adam Voiland.

References & Resources

• BNPB (2025) News Index. Accessed December 4, 2025.
• India Today (2025, December 2) What made Cyclone Senyar a once-in-a-century weather anomaly in Malacca Strait. Accessed December 4, 2025.
• The Malaysian Reserve (2025, December 3) Death toll from floods, landslides in Indonesia rises to 811. Accessed December 4, 2025.
• NASA Earthdata (2025) Tropical Cyclones. Accessed December 4, 2025.
• The New York Times (2025, December 3) Where Floodwaters Turned Piles of Timber Into Floating Battering Rams. Accessed December 4, 2025.
• ReliefWeb (2025, December 3) Asia and the Pacific: Southeast and South Asia Cyclones and Floods Humanitarian Snapshot (Covering 17 November to 3 December 2025. Accessed December 4, 2025.
• Tsunami and Disasters Mitigation Research Center (2025, November 29) Extreme Rainfall from Tropical Cyclone Senyar Triggers Widespread Flooding and Infrastructure Damage Across Aceh. Accessed December 4, 2025.

Cyber attacks on water infrastructure are growing. Josh Corman of IAmTheCavalry joins us to discuss efforts to secure critical water systems.

The post Cyber Threats to Water Infrastructure: Insights from Josh Corman appeared first on The Security Ledger with Paul F. Roberts.

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Salesforce launches a three-pillar water plan for data centers, power, and watersheds — backing restoration in Brazil and Mexico ahead of COP30.

The post Salesforce Unveils Three-Pillar Water Plan, Linking Data Center Efficiency to Global Watershed Health appeared first on TechRepublic.

Salesforce launches a three-pillar water plan for data centers, power, and watersheds — backing restoration in Brazil and Mexico ahead of COP30.

The post Salesforce Unveils Three-Pillar Water Plan, Linking Data Center Efficiency to Global Watershed Health appeared first on TechRepublic.

The Perseverance Mars rover has been making headlines lately as it sets up a sample depot on the red planet and makes its way toward an ancient river delta. But its predecessor is still on Mars, too, and Curiosity is making its own discoveries even after more than a decade. As it ascends Mount Sharp, Curiosity has stumbled upon a fascinating rock formation — ripples left in ancient sediment by the planet’s long-lost water.

Curiosity arrived on Mars in 2012 and has been so successful that NASA opted to use its design as the base for Perseverance. It landed in Gale Crater and began making its way to Mount Sharp, the central peak of the crater. The rover was outfitted with instruments to assess the climate and geology of Mars to assess whether the conditions in the crater may have been compatible with life. Understanding the role of water in the planet’s distant past is a major element of the mission.

Last year, Curiosity reached the sulfate-bearing unit of Mount Sharp. This salt-rich region is believed to contain deposits left as the planet began drying up. However, the team didn’t expect to find evidence of waves. The rover has sent back images of a rippling texture in the rock, which was once sediment at the bottom of a body of water. “This is the best evidence of water and waves that we’ve seen in the entire mission,” said Ashwin Vasavada, Curiosity’s project scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Curiosity discovered the wave ripples about half a mile above the base of Mount Sharp in what has been termed the “Marker Band.” This layer of dark, hard rock stands out from the rest of the rusty landscape. The rock here is so hard that Curiosity has been unable to drill a sample of it. The team is still looking for an area with softer rock to get a sample for analysis. Unlike Perseverance, Curiosity is not outfitted with the hardware to save samples for a future return to Earth — it can only do science in its onboard laboratory. Curiosity will spend a little more time hunting for the right rocks in the Marker Band, but there are more discoveries awaiting higher on Mount Sharp.

The Curiosity team is looking ahead to a valley known as Gediz Vallis, which the rover could see from a distance at several points last year. NASA believes Gediz Vallis was carved by water, and there is evidence of wet landslides. This could be one of the youngest geological features on Mount Sharp. There is currently no planned end date for the Curiosity mission — it’ll keep rolling until its deformed, perforated wheels give out.

Now read:

• Perseverance Sends Back Weather Report on Its First Full Martian Year
• Curiosity Rover Begins Summer Road Trip to Avoid Sinking Sand
• Curiosity Captures Incredible 1.8 Billion Pixel Panorama on Mars

Superfood Coconut water is a tasty and refreshing drink found in young green coconuts. It is rich in nutrients and helps keep the body hydrated.

How to make horse gram recipe ?

kollu paruppu recipe is very famous in Kongunadu. People prefer horse gram for weight loss in ayurveda also horse gram good for diabetes. we used to prepare kollu paruppu recipe often especially to treat cold which goes well with white rice. lets see how to cook horse gram recipe now.

Ingredients:

• kollu paruppu ( known as horse gram tamil & kulthi beans in hindi ) – 1 cup
• Water to cook horse gram
• Castor oil – ½ spoon
• Country tomato – 1(big)
• Turmeric powder – ¼ spoon
• Shallots – ¼ cup (cleaned)
• Red chilli – 3 no’s
• Curry leaves – 1 sprig
• Garlic – 4 cloves
• Cumin seeds – ½ spoon
• Coriander seeds – 1 spoon
• Coriander leaves – 4 stalks
• Required salt

Steps to cook kollu paruppu recipe in pressure cooker:

1. To begin take a bowl add horse gram and wash them thoroughly.
2. Switch on the stove place a cooker then add 2 ½ cups of water, ½ spoon of castor oil, ¼ spoon of turmeric powder, one big country tomato.
3. Now close the pressure cooker and cook kollu paruppu up to 3 whistles.
4. Steps to cook kollu paruppu in earthen pots and normal pan:
5. Switch on the stove place earthen pot or steel pan, add 3 cups of water then is hot add in washed horse gram.
6. Followed by ½ spoon castor oil, one big country tomato then cook up to 15 minutes
7. After horse gram half cooked add turmeric powder then cook until horse gram fully cooked.

Steps to grind kollu paruppu:

1. At first switch off the stove drain the excess water in horse gram and keep it aside.
2. Next add cleaned shallots, red chilli, curry leaves, coriander leaves, cumin seeds, coriander seeds, required salt in cooker, earthen pot or normal pan.
3. Leave it all spices for 10 minutes.
4. Now take a mixer grinder put all things in to it and grind them as semi coarse paste. (No need to add water if you want add drained water from horse gram)
5. You can also add kollu paruppu in Aattu kal and grind well as semi coarse paste. (Taste will be super good)
6. Spicy authentic Kongu special kollu paruppu recipe is ready to serve.
7. Drizzle some homemade ghee or coconut oil on the top of the kollu paruppu and serve with hot white rice.

Various names of kollu paruppu

• Kollu Paruppu is known ashorse lentil or horse gram, horse gram beans in english (also Cowpea)
• kulthi horse gram in Hindi
• ulavalu recipes in telugu
• It is called as Muthira in Malayalam
• Its botanical name is Macrotyloma uniflorum

Tips:

• This is authentic Kongu style kollu paruppu; there also another way.
• The only difference is seasoning, after grind the kollu paruppu, take a kadai add some ground nut oil when it is hot add mustard seeds, one red chilli and curry leaves then fry for a second and add kollu paruppu and cook up to 5 minutes. (This process will help to avoid spoilage of kollu paruppu)
• As of now you need kollu paruppu in semi streaming consistency implies include water at that point cook well.
• kollu paruppu in semi gravy is the good texture to eat.
• More vegetarian recipes : thuthuvalai rasam recipe | pirandai chutney recipe | Mini Sambar Idly recipe | Pachai Payaru Paruppu | Paruppu Rasam recipe | murungakkai paruppu recipe
• black horse gram another variety of kollu.
• We can make more than 40+ kollu recipes ( ulavalu recipes – kulith recipes) using horse gram dal.
  • horse gram soup
  • horse gram juice ( kollu juice)
  • kollu chutney
  • kollu kanji recipe
  • horse gram powder recipe for weight loss ( kollu powder)
  • kollu kulambu
  • kollu podi
  • kollu rasam (i’ll post kollu rasam in tamil soon)
  • paruppu thogayal
  • horse gram flour ( kulith flour) used for Weight loss Roti Recipe

horse gram health benefits / ulavacharu health benefits / kollu benefits

• Kollu known in english as horse dal, horse gram lentils or horse peas. Horse gram benefits for more people who are following horse gram diet for weight loss.
• Refer this web link for horse gram benefits in tamil : kollu for weight loss in tamil
• horse gram nutrition :  Horse gram seed contains carbohydrate (57.2% w/w), protein (22% w/w), dietary fiber (5.3% w/w), fat (0.50% w/w), calcium (287 mg), phosphorus (311 mg), iron (6.77 mg) and calories (321 kcal) as well as vitamins like thiamine (0.4 mg), riboflavin (0.2 mg) and niacin (1.5 mg) per 100 grams of dry matter.
• benefits of drinking horse gram water: Drink the horse gram water twice a day on an empty stomach for weight loss.
• horse gram benefits diabetes : Anti-oxidants help in controlling oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals. He said the study found that raw horse gram seed has the ability to reduce post-prandial hyperglycemia by slowing down carbohydrate digestion and reduce insulin resistance by inhibiting protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1 beta enzyme.
• horse gram and diabetes: This helps to reduce insulin resistance.Hence it is highly used for diabetics.The seed is beneficial for reducing the blood glucose level.It can reduce the digestion of carbohydrate.This leads to lower the blood sugar level.This is used as insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes.Including Horse gram (മുതിര) in your daily food is very effective for diabetics.This can also help to reduce the cholesterol level.
• horse gram benefits for weight loss : Consuming horse gram can help you lose burn calories. Horse gram is low in calories. It can keep your bad cholesterol levels in check and prevent the risk of heart diseases. Also, consuming horse gram will provide you with protein and fibre, which will keep you full for long and prevent you from eating more.
• horse gram sprouts benefits : Doctors recommends having sprouts as a good source of protein and also to cool the body.
• horse gram for hair growth : Drink it horse gram for hair growth once a day when bearable hot. Add 1/4 cup of Horse Gram ( Kulthi in India a pinch of Asafoetida ( Hing in India ) and 2 pinches each of dried horse gram for hair growth Ginger ( Adrak in India ) and Liquorice ( Mulethi in India )
• horse gram for kidney stones ( kulthi for kidney stone): The importance of horse gram was well recognized by folk medicine as a potential therapeutic agent to treat kidney stones, urinary diseases, piles, common cold, throat infection, fever, lowering cholesterol levels and blood sugar levels. Horse gram water was prescribed for treating jaundice.
• flaxseed and horse gram : Flax seed is a seed, while Horse Gram is a pulse. * Nutrient Value of 100 gram of Flax seed is: 50 calories, 20 grams of protein, 41 grams of fat, and 28 grams of fiber. * Nutrient Value of 100 gram of Horse grain is: 321 calories, 22 grams of protein, 287 mg of Calcium, 311 mg of Phosphorus and 7mg of Iron.
• is horse gram good for health : If you are trying to lose weight, you can consume horse gram as much as you want, but remember moderation is the key. Moreover, the high protein and fibre content of horse gram will keep you fuller for a long time.
• horse gram where to buy : its available local stores, super market and even online portals.

The post kollu paruppu recipe – how to cook horse gram recipe, horse gram recipe appeared first on Famous Indian Recipes.

A succulent, slightly spicy dish that comes together when sheekh kebabs and some veggies are simmered in a simple curry. Pair it with rice, roti or naan for a delicious meal. Frozen food, especially premade non-vegetarian food, has always been frowned upon in our household. The packets of readymade chicken tikkas and frozen mutton cutlets were only meant to be…