Interview transcript: 

Terry Gerton Virginia Tech has just launched a generative AI training program. Tell us about what the program is and why you decided to start it now.

Jamie Cogbill Okay, great. Well, this partnership between Virginia Tech and Amazon Web Services is really about preparing the next generation of national security leaders for an AI-driven world. As one of our nation’s six senior military colleges, Virginia Tech has had the chance to pilot AWS’s new generative AI training, which is the first of its kind, before it’s rolled out to nationwide, or at least to the other senior military colleges. It directly supports the recent White House call to make senior military colleges hubs of AI research and talent development. And our cadets are already finding it incredibly valuable training as they prepare to lead in a defense environment that’s rapidly being transformed by artificial intelligence.

Terry Gerton There’s a lot of AI courses out there. What sets this collaboration apart? What’s unique in terms of content or focus or tools?

Jamie Cogbill Okay. Well, this is the first generative AI training program of its kind offered specifically at senior military colleges. And it directly supports the recent White House AI Action Plan, which was released last July, which calls on senior military colleges to become hubs of AI talent and innovation. And our cadets are getting hands-on experience with the same AI tools and problem solving approaches that are being used in real defense and intelligence missions.

Terry Gerton You mentioned cadets a couple of times here. For folks who may not know that Virginia Tech has a Corps of Cadets, tell us a little bit about that and how many cadets are actually taking the course.

Jamie Cogbill Okay. So yes, Virginia Tech is, as I mentioned, is one of six senior military colleges, which means that they have a Corps of Cadets, just like Virginia Military Institute or the Citadel, or our closest comparison is Texas A&M. There’s currently close to 1,400 cadets in the Corps of Cadets at Virginia Tech. But for this first pilot, it was offered to a total of about 75 students, and the intent was that at least half of them be cadets. And in this case, it was. We had about 38 total cadets that participated in the program.

Terry Gerton And who filled the other seats?

Jamie Cogbill The other seats were mostly people who are affiliated with Virginia Tech’s National Security Institute, which is a hub for defense-related research, but also for preparing future national security leaders here at Virginia Tech. And so the advertisement went out to both cadets and to the students who are affiliated with the Virginia Tech’s National Security Institute.

Terry Gerton It sounds like you didn’t have any trouble filling the seats. What does that tell you about the interest in this topic from future military and civilian defense leaders?

Jamie Cogbill There’s definitely a huge interest and our cadets who I talked to after the training just found it to be very valuable for them with just learning about AI in general, because they know it’s going to be an important part of their future careers, but also learning how to use it more effectively through effective prompt engineering and other methods that they learned throughout the training.

Terry Gerton Talk to us about some of the specific defense AI applications that you’re covering in this course. We all think about Chat GPT and Copilot, but how are those topics specifically coming across in defense-related issues?

Jamie Cogbill That’s a great question. And I don’t know the exact answer to that, but I can say that it’s teaching the core Amazon Gen AI services, which is something they call Amazon Bedrock, which Department of Defense has partnered with Amazon Web Services in a lot of ways, so it’s likely already using some of these AWS services. And so some of the people who are participating in the training will likely go into defense- or national security-related careers and already be expected to use or quickly learn how to use AWS software and AI tools. But I think the big takeaway is just learning AI in general, which is clearly going to be part of their future in national security and defense.

Terry Gerton I’m speaking with Jamie Cogbill. He’s the deputy director of the Defense Civilian Training Corps at Virginia Tech’s National Security Institute. Well, we talk a lot about AI on this program and all of its different applications. One thing we do know about it is it’s powerful but it’s also risky. So in this kind of training, how are you preparing students not just to use the tools, but to really lead responsibly with AI when the risks could be pretty high?

Jamie Cogbill I don’t have specifics about how this training addressed those kind of risks. I haven’t taken the course myself. It was Amazon Web Services who provided it. Talking to my cadets, I think it was a pretty intense curriculum. They did have two different instructor-led sessions, both four hour sessions, and each session was about three hours of content and an hour lab. And then they had a final competitive kind of gamified lab at the end. It was another four hour session where they practiced with real world challenges and in using AI. So I would assume that some of the training in the instructor-led portions was related to the risks of using AI, how to avoid hallucinations that AI can provide. And but also, in the Department of Defense, a key thing is ensuring the use of responsible AI, or RAI as they call it. And so I imagine that was also covered in the curriculum.

Terry Gerton This is cohort one this fall, first time you’ve rolled out the course. What do you think happens next? Where does it go from here?

Jamie Cogbill So we’re hoping that, and this is partially up to Amazon Web Services, but AWS is actively exploring how to scale the program for our spring semester here at Virginia Tech, potentially bringing it back in the spring, but also for 2026 in general. AWS originally intended to expand this training to all six senior military colleges across the country. And I think the success here at Virginia Tech with the pilot proved that our cadets and probably other cadets across the nation are eager to learn and ready to lead in the AI space. And we’re hoping that it set the standard for what other programs could look like.

Terry Gerton Well, always in a pilot there are lots of lessons learned in the process. What do you at Virginia Tech and Amazon take away in terms of needing to improve or broaden the program as you tried it out?

Jamie Cogbill Well, I think as you mentioned earlier, I think the demand is there. So if we can scale it up even here at Virginia Tech and and offer it to more than just 75 cadets and students. But I think that the big takeaway is really that partnerships like this are essential. And AI is changing the nature of national security. And we need to ensure our future military and civilian leaders can lead confidently in that environment. And I think this program shows how academia, industry and government can come together to make that happen.

Terry Gerton AI is such a fast changing space. How do you imagine that the curriculum might have to adjust even from one semester to the next just to stay current?

Jamie Cogbill Absolutely. And I’m sure the folks at AWS are right there on the cusp of all that change. And so my guess is that they are constantly updating their curriculum to keep pace with that.

Terry Gerton Are you hearing from senior leaders in the Department of Defense about how they view the program and what their hopes for it are?

Jamie Cogbill So far, no, not directly. My guess is at the senior levels at AWS, they are talking to senior leaders in the Department of Defense and potentially at the most senior levels of our government, since it was a key goal of the White House AI Action Plan to offer this type of training.

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If the product name sounds familiar, it should. It's a collab with Nvidia that combines AWS tech with the chip maker's tech.

LAS VEGAS — After spending nearly two hours trying to impress the crowd with new LLMs, advanced AI chips, and autonomous agents, Amazon Web Services CEO Matt Garman showed that the quickest way to a developer’s heart isn’t a neural network. It’s a discount.

One of the loudest cheers at the AWS re:Invent keynote Tuesday was for Database Savings Plans, a mundane but much-needed update that promises to cut bills by up to 35% across database services like Aurora, RDS, and DynamoDB in exchange for a one-year commitment.

The reaction illustrated a familiar tension for cloud customers: Even as tech giants introduce increasingly sophisticated AI tools, many companies and developers are still wrestling with the basic challenge of managing costs for core services.

The new savings plans address the issue by offering flexibility that didn’t exist before, letting developers switch database engines or move regions without losing their discount. 

“AWS Database Savings Plans: Six Years of Complaining Finally Pays Off,” is the headline from the charmingly sardonic and reliably snarky Corey Quinn of Last Week in AWS, who specializes in reducing AWS bills as the chief cloud economist at Duckbill.

Quinn called the new “better than it has any right to be” because it covers a wider range of services than expected, but he pointed out several key drawbacks: the plans are limited to one-year terms (meaning you can’t lock in bigger savings for three years), they exclude older instance generations, and they do not apply to storage or backup costs.

He also cited the lack of EC2 (Elastic Cloud Compute) coverage, calling the inability to move spending between computing and databases a missed opportunity for flexibility.

But the database pricing wasn’t the only basic upgrade to get a big reaction. For example, the crowd also cheered loudly for Lambda durable functions, a feature that lets serverless code pause and wait for long-running background tasks without failing.

Garman made these announcements as part of a new re:Invent gimmick: a 10-minute sprint through 25 non-AI product launches, complete with an on-stage shot clock. The bit was a nod to the breadth of AWS, and to the fact that not everyone in the audience came for AI news.

He announced the Database Savings Plans in the final seconds, as the clock ticked down to zero. And based on the way he set it up, Garman knew it was going to be a hit — describing it as “one last thing that I think all of you are going to love.”

Judging by the cheers, at least, he was right.

Amazon Web Services announced four new AI models within its Nova model family and a frontier model service.

AWS re:Invent Day 1 delivered a surge of AI, multicloud, and automation news from Las Vegas, as Amazon and its partners unveiled major updates.

The post AWS re:Invent Day 1: A Flood of AI News Breaks Out of Las Vegas appeared first on TechRepublic.

AWS re:Invent Day 1 delivered a surge of AI, multicloud, and automation news from Las Vegas, as Amazon and its partners unveiled major updates.

The post AWS re:Invent Day 1: A Flood of AI News Breaks Out of Las Vegas appeared first on TechRepublic.

A detailed explanation of this week’s Amazon Web Services outage, released Thursday morning, confirms that it wasn’t a hardware glitch or an outside attack but a complex, cascading failure triggered by a rare software bug in one of the company’s most critical systems.

The company said a “faulty automation” in its internal systems — two independent programs that began racing each other to update records — erased key network entries for its DynamoDB database service, triggering a domino effect that temporarily broke many other AWS tools.

AWS said it has turned off the flawed automation worldwide and will fix the bug before bringing it back online. The company also plans to add new safety checks and improve how quickly its systems recover if something similar happens again.

Amazon apologized and acknowledged the widespread disruption caused by the outage.

“While we have a strong track record of operating our services with the highest levels of availability, we know how critical our services are to our customers, their applications and end users, and their businesses,” the company said, promising to learn from the incident.

The outage began early Monday and impacted sites and online services around the world, again illustrating the internet’s deep reliance on Amazon’s cloud and showing how a single failure inside AWS can quickly ripple across the web.

Related: The AWS outage is a warning about the risks of digital dependance and AI infrastructure

Award-winning immunologist ​​Susan Kaech is the new executive vice president of the Allen Institute’s Immunology Moonshot, an initiative that aims to understand the immune system’s role in human health and disease.

Kaech currently leads the NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies and will join the Allen Institute in January.

“The appointment comes at a critical time in bioscience when the immune system is regarded as the cornerstone of all diseases and understanding its foundational principles is vital to unlocking new treatments and therapies,” the institute said in a statement.

Kaech’s research includes the investigation of how the immune system remembers infections to develop immunity, T-cell communications, and the role of metabolism in the immune system’s fight against cancer.

—  Seattle RFID company Impinj named Arthur Valdez Jr. to its board of directors.

Valdez recently left the role of executive VP of global supply chain and customer solutions at Starbucks and his career includes leadership roles at Amazon, Target and elsewhere.

“Arthur’s expertise transforming and optimizing strategic supply chain and logistics networks for large consumer-facing companies will be invaluable as we continue to advance our vision of connecting every thing,” said Impinj CEO Chris Diorio in a statement.

— Jason Bennett has taken a new role at Amazon Web Services, shifting from VP of U.S. enterprise to VP of worldwide startups and venture capital. Bennett has been with the company for more than 17 years.

On LinkedIn Bennett shared his fondness for working with startups and said he was eager to return to a position serving that community.

“I’m energized by the opportunity to work alongside our teams to support a thriving startup ecosystem — from founders and VCs, to accelerators, and the broader innovation community,” he said, adding that the work “has a lasting impact on the direction of industries and the future of AI.”

— NuScale Power named James Canafax as chief legal officer and corporate secretary. The Tigard, Ore.-based nuclear energy company is developing small modular reactors.

Canafax has decades of legal experience and joins NuScale from Maritime Partners. Past positions include executive leadership at BWX Technologies, which supplies nuclear components and services.

“[Canafax’s] extensive experience in the nuclear industry, deep familiarity with the regulatory environment and track record of guiding organizations through key growth periods make him uniquely suited to support NuScale at this important moment for our company,” CEO John Hopkins said in statement.

— Seattle entrepreneur Elvis Dieguez is now VP of data science, analytics and platforms for the healthcare startup hims & hers. Diegeuz joins the company from symphonie, a Seattle e-commerce marketing platform where he was CEO and co-founder. He was previously at Amazon for more than four years working in business analytics and as a senior manager.

Hims & hers offers a telehealth platform for conditions including sexual health, hair loss, mental health, skincare and weight loss.

“I look forward to leading and working with a ~70 person team who’ve been working hard to make the #healthcare system work for all Americans,” Dieguez said on LinkedIn.

— Biotech startup Synthesize Bio named Ariel Brumbaugh as senior director of business development. In the role, Brumbaugh will help the company partner with biopharma companies interested in using Synthesize’s AI-based research platform to accelerate and de-risk drug development.

Seattle’s Synthesize Bio was founded by leaders from Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center. Last month it announced $10 million in funding from Madrona.

Brumbaugh joined the startup from the San Francisco biotech company Gladstone Institutes.

— Sophie Brougham is director of philanthropic operations for the recently launched Clean Economy Project. Nicknamed CleanEcon, the effort includes past employees of the Bill Gates-led Breakthrough Energy and is a policy and advocacy platform promoting clean power.

Prior to Breakthrough, Brougham was with the Paul Allen holding company Vulcan (now known as Vale Group) for more than a decade, where she was a senior manager and led programs including philanthropic and grants management.

— Seattle’s Jake Laes is now executive director of AI Tinkerers, a global network of AI engineers and builders. Laes joined the group from Deel, where he helped facilitate partnerships between investors and accelerator programs. Laes is the founder of YoungTech Seattle, and his background includes mentoring and leadership roles at the University of Washington’s CoMotion and Techstars.

— Pranam Kolari, VP of search and recommendations at Coupang, is resigning from his role next month. Coupang is South Korea’s largest e-commerce platform and is headquartered in Seattle. Kolari, based in San Jose, Calif., was previously at Walmart Labs for nearly a decade where his roles included vice president of engineering for search.

— Datavault AI appointed Pete Scobell as VP of global security. The Beaverton, Ore.-based company helps businesses monetize their data and create digital twins of physical objects. Scobell is a decorated U.S. Navy SEAL veteran and will oversee Datavault AI’s security operations, risk management and asset logistics.

— Erin McHugh Saif, a former Massachusetts-based Microsoft executive, is CEO of an as-yet unnamed data and AI venture to serve “place-based partnerships,” which are networks of nonprofits, government agencies, and educational entities that aim to address education, jobs and housing needs.

“With better access to data, these organizations will leap ahead in this moment of AI transformation, gaining faster insight into which programs deliver the greatest improvement to significantly scale their impact,” Saif said on LinkedIn.

The effort has the support of the Ballmer Group, a philanthropic organization co-founded by former Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer and his wife Connie, and the nonprofit TechSoup.

— Karen Ng was promoted to executive VP of product at HubSpot. Ng has been with the company since 2022, joining as senior VP of product and partnerships. Past employers include Common Room, Google and Microsoft, where she was chief of staff across the company’s developer tools business. Ng is based in the Seattle area.

Unless you’ve been on a “digital cleanse” this week, you know that Amazon Web Services (AWS) had a major outage at the start of the week.

You know this because apps and sites you use were down. Credible reports estimate at least 1,000 sites and apps were affected. Large swaths of modern digital life went dark: from finance (Venmo and Robinhood) to gaming (Roblox and Fortnite) to communications (Signal and Slack). Some people couldn’t even get a good night’s sleep because the outage took out “smart beds.” Even sporting events were impacted when Ticketmaster failed.

We’ve seen outages before, but this one seemed broader and harder to ignore.

In the wake of the outage, many well-intentioned hot takes boiled down to: “They should’ve used more cloud providers.”

Setting aside the subtle victim-blaming, there’s also the fact that in a world with only three major cloud providers (AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud) if you want to “diversify” there’s not a lot of diversity out there.

And the argument for diversity in cloud providers is really about market diversity, not individual organizations juggling multiple vendors. More competition in the cloud market would mean fewer cascading failures when one provider goes down.

The key question when something like this happens is whether we’re taking the risk lessons and expanding them beyond the immediate problem to see the emerging problems. 

Instead of saying organizations need to have multiple cloud providers, we should be asking how we’re dealing with the reality of highly concentrated risks with exceptionally broad impact because we just had an object lesson in what that really means.

In this recent outage there’s a pointer to where we should be looking proactively to apply this lesson: generative AI. This recent AWS outage gives us two lessons for the emerging generative AI ecosystem.

Concentration crisis in AI

With the generative AI ecosystem, I’m talking not about chatbots — I mean AI-native applications that are built on generative AI as a platform. We just saw that when there’s no cloud, there’s no cloud-native application. Likewise, when there’s no generative AI provider, there’s no AI-native application.

The first lesson from the AWS outage for AI-native applications is what happens to an industry when there’s a limited number of providers for centralized resources and there’s an outage. We just saw: it has huge rippling effects across the industry and all walks of life built on it.

It’s a throwback to the mainframe era: when “the computer” is down, it’s down for everyone.

There are as few, if not fewer, generative AI providers as there are cloud providers. A major outage is inevitable — that’s just engineering reality. When that happens, every AI-native app built on that generative AI platform will also go down, full stop.

The impact could be even more severe than the AWS outage. It will be more like “the computer is down, and the people are gone” for many different industries and services. Ironically, the “smarter” the industry and service, the greater the potential fallout.

The second lesson is one of intertwined risk. OpenAI itself was affected by this week’s AWS outage. 

That means AI-native apps have double exposure to the risks around a limited number of providers for critical, centralized resources. For AI-native apps, it’s like the mainframe era squared. If the generative AI platform fails, everything built on it fails. And if the cloud that hosts the AI platform fails, it all goes down, too.

This is not to say don’t do cloud or don’t do AI. But it is to say we need to understand this new, complex intertwining of risks inherent in a world where everything is relying on a small number of key providers and that small number of key providers also rely on a small number of key providers.

The realities of physical requirements and capital investment required for cloud and generative AI make a truly diverse ecosystem impracticable for either. I don’t think anyone sees more than a literal handful of providers for either of these in the future. 

The bottom line

Highly concentrated risks with exceptionally broad impact aren’t going away anytime soon. 

But the growth of generative AI providers — and their reliance on cloud providers — show where there is going to be growth and where and what those risks will be. The growth will be upwards, as technologies stack on top of and rely on each other. And that means these risks are only going to become more concentrated and the impacts even broader.

In the world of security, there’s the “CIA” triad: “confidentiality”, “integrity” and “availability.” In the first days of “Trustworthy Computing” at Microsoft, the principles included “availability.” But in recent years, availability has been overlooked often as security and privacy concerns understandably dominate.

A thoughtful application of the AWS outage tells us that outages like this are a kind of problem that isn’t an anomaly: it’s inherent in the nature of today’s technology reality. And since there are no easy solutions and only increasingly complex problems around this, we need to start understanding this new reality and thinking seriously about how to mitigate these risks.

The effects of the massive AWS outage reached the sports world on Monday.

Ticketmaster was dealing with ticket management issues as a result of the outage, according to messages shared by several sports teams hosting games on Monday, including the Toronto Blue Jays and Seattle Seahawks.

The Blue Jays, facing off against the Seattle Mariners in a Game 7 MLB playoff bout at Rogers Centre in Toronto, posted a statement earlier Monday about the outage and advised fans to “hold off on managing your tickets as we work through this.”

A few hours later, the team said ticket management was returning to normal.

>World Series appearance on the line
>AWS outage sends Ticketmaster down
>Blue Jays fans can't access Game 7 tickets
>Blue Jays opponent…Seattle
>Amazon headquarters…Seattle https://t.co/OYjjDj5cdf pic.twitter.com/rbNnwKYegG

— Morning Brew ☕️ (@MorningBrew) October 20, 2025

The Seahawks, which are hosting the Houston Texans for Monday Night Football in Seattle, issued a statement about the outage “that may impact access to Ticketmaster, Seahawks Account Manager, and the Seahawks Mobile App.”

The Detroit Lions, hosting their own Monday Night Football game, also had ticketing impacted.

The outage effects went beyond just ticketing. The Premier League said its VAR tech system, used to determine offside calls in soccer, would not be available for Monday’s match between West Ham and Brentford.

Amazon’s outage began shortly after midnight Pacific in Amazon’s Northern Virginia (US-EAST-1) region, which is AWS’s oldest and largest cloud region, a popular nerve center for online services.

In an initial update, AWS said the outage was related to a DNS resolution issue with its DynamoDB product, meaning the internet’s phone book failed to find the correct address for a database service used by thousands of apps to store and find data.

Amazon later said the root cause of the outage was an “underlying internal subsystem responsible for monitoring the health of our network load balancers.”

By 3 p.m. PT, the company said all AWS services had returned to normal operations.

Major sites and services including Facebook, Snapchat, Coinbase and Amazon itself were impacted — reviving concerns about the internet’s heavy reliance on the cloud giant.

The outage suggests that many sites have not adequately implemented the redundancy needed to quickly fall back to other regions or cloud providers in the event of AWS outages.

Previously:

• AWS outage was not due to a cyberattack — but shows potential for ‘far worse’ damage
• AWS outage hits major apps and services, resurfacing old questions about cloud redundancy

The massive outage that hit Amazon Web Services early Monday and took down several major sites and services was due to an internal issue within the cloud giant’s infrastructure.

In a new update Monday at 8:43 a.m. PT, Amazon said the root cause of the outage was an “underlying internal subsystem responsible for monitoring the health of our network load balancers.”

The outage impacted everything from sites including Facebook, Coinbase, and Amazon itself, to check-in kiosks at LaGuardia Airport.

Amazon said it was seeing connectivity and API recovery for AWS services.

Dr. Aybars Tuncdogan, an associate professor at King’s College London, said it serves as warning sign for a potentially more disruptive situation.

“If a comparable vulnerability were deliberately targeted by malicious actors, the damage would be far worse,” Tuncodgan said.

The problems began shortly after midnight Pacific in Amazon’s Northern Virginia (US-EAST-1) region, which is AWS’s oldest and largest cloud region, a popular nerve center for online services. Major outages originating from this same region also caused widespread disruptions in 2017, 2021, and 2023.

In an initial update, AWS said the outage was related to a DNS resolution issue with its DynamoDB product, meaning the internet’s phone book failed to find the correct address for a database service used by thousands of apps to store and find data.

The latest outage suggests that many sites have not adequately implemented the redundancy needed to quickly fall back to other regions or cloud providers in the event of AWS outages.

“Organizations that use public cloud services like AWS should ensure they follow guidance for shared responsibility in the cloud model for resiliency, including using multi-regional failover for critical applications, and ideally, multi-provider failover, to help minimize the impact of disruptions,” said Marc Laliberte, director of security operations at Seattle-based WatchGuard.

Tuncodgan said the deeper issue is “tech monoculture” in a global infrastructure with little diversity in platforms or providers.

“It’s like agricultural monoculture — when everything relies on a single strain, one disease can wipe out entire plantations, because they all have the same genetics,” he said.

He said that while customers can design redundancy themselves, the providers can also develop different competing infrastructures within their own ecosystems.

“This incident will likely be resolved quickly,” he said. “However, unless we rethink the architecture (that is, we decentralize and diversify), we should expect more outages of this scale, whether from glitches or targeted attacks.”

Vaibhav Tupe, a senior member with technical professional organization IEEE, said cloud service providers should isolate critical networking components more aggressively to prevent cascading failures when core systems malfunction.

“This outage shows that even the largest cloud providers are vulnerable when failure occurs at the control-plane level,” he said. “It raises fundamental questions about over reliance on a single provider or region and may accelerate demand for multi-cloud and multi-region architectures as a baseline expectation for resilience.”